Water Quality Report · Updated May 12, 2026

Houston Water Utilities

Serving 2,304,000 residents in Houston, Texas .

National rank 26th percentile
Texas rank 18th percentile
Data confidence High
D
55/100
Below Average
ⓘ How did we get this rating?
Quick answer

Houston Water Utilities delivers tap water graded D (55/100) by TapWaterSafety.org. The utility serves approximately 2,304,000 residents in Houston, Texas using surface water from the Lake Houston/Trinity River. The most significant water quality concerns are: PFAS contamination; Lead detected in source water; Chromium-6 detected. For questions, the utility can be reached at (713) 789-1596.

Data sources for this grade: utilities.csv ⓘ How did we get this rating?
Sample data notice: Some or all data on this page is illustrative sample data, not live measurements from this utility. See our disclaimer. For authoritative info, refer to the utility's published Consumer Confidence Report.
2,304,000
People served
1
City served
18
Contaminants detected
18
Above health guidelines
0
EPA violations (5 yr)
2024
Most recent test

Is Houston tap water safe to drink?

Houston Water Utilities delivers tap water that earns a grade of D (55/100) from TapWaterSafety.org — a below-average rating, with multiple concerns including pfas contamination.

The utility serves 2,304,000 residents in Houston, drawing from surface water (Lake Houston/Trinity River) and disinfecting with chloramine.

Public testing data identifies 18 contaminants in this water above EWG's health-based guidelines, including: PFOA, PFOA, PFOA, Haloacetic Acids (HAA5), Haloacetic Acids (HAA5), Haloacetic Acids (HAA5), Total Trihalomethanes (TTHMs), Total Trihalomethanes (TTHMs), Total Trihalomethanes (TTHMs), Nitrate, Nitrate, Chromium-6 (Hexavalent), Chromium-6 (Hexavalent), Nitrate, Chromium-6 (Hexavalent), Lead, Lead, Lead. For most residents, a properly certified home filter at the kitchen tap is the most cost-effective way to reduce exposure to whatever's in your water. See our filter recommendations below, matched specifically to this utility's contaminant profile.

Top concerns in this water

Based on the most recent EPA and EWG data, these are the most significant water quality issues for Houston Water Utilities.

PFAS contamination

Severe concern

PFOA, PFOA detected. PFAS are persistent chemicals linked to cancer and immune effects with no known safe exposure threshold.

Lead detected in source water

Severe concern

Lead detected at 1.19 ppb. EWG considers no level of lead safe; EPA's action level is 15 ppb.

Chromium-6 detected

Moderate concern

Chromium-6 detected at 0.35 ppb.

Contact Houston Water Utilities

Reach the utility directly for service issues, water quality concerns, or to request your Consumer Confidence Report.

Water Quality Contact

For questions about contaminants, test results, or your Consumer Confidence Report.

OfficeHouston Water Quality Division
DepartmentWater Quality Compliance
Direct line(713) 388-3060

Treatment Plant

Location1986 Treatment Plant Road, Houston, TX
Operator certificationClass A (State certified)
Treatment capacity460 million gallons/day

Recommended water filters for Houston

Filters matched to the specific contaminants in this water supply.

Reverse Osmosis or NSF P473 certified carbon

$80-$750

Activated carbon and RO are the only technologies proven to remove PFAS at certified levels.

AquaTru Countertop Reverse Osmosis
$449-$599 NSF 42, 53, 58, 401, P473
Editorial pick · affiliate link coming soon
Aquasana OptimH2O Reverse Osmosis + Claryum
$429-$549 NSF 42, 53, 58, 401, P473
Editorial pick · affiliate link coming soon
Waterdrop G3P800 Tankless RO
$600-$750 NSF 58, 372
View on retailer →
Waterdrop N1 Countertop RO
$249-$329 NSF 58, 372
View on retailer →
Clearly Filtered Pitcher Filter
$80-$95 NSF 42, 53, 401, P473
Editorial pick · affiliate link coming soon

NSF/ANSI 53 certified for lead removal

$80-$750

NSF 53 is the gold standard certification for lead removal. Required when lead is a documented concern.

Clearly Filtered Pitcher Filter
$80-$95 NSF 42, 53, 401, P473
Editorial pick · affiliate link coming soon
Aquasana AQ-5300 Under-Sink Filter
$180-$240 NSF 42, 53, 401
Editorial pick · affiliate link coming soon
AquaTru Countertop Reverse Osmosis
$449-$599 NSF 42, 53, 58, 401, P473
Editorial pick · affiliate link coming soon
Waterdrop G3P800 Tankless RO
$600-$750 NSF 58, 372
View on retailer →

Reverse Osmosis

$249-$750

Chromium-6 requires reverse osmosis for reliable removal. Standard carbon filters do not address it.

AquaTru Countertop Reverse Osmosis
$449-$599 NSF 42, 53, 58, 401, P473
Editorial pick · affiliate link coming soon
Aquasana OptimH2O Reverse Osmosis + Claryum
$429-$549 NSF 42, 53, 58, 401, P473
Editorial pick · affiliate link coming soon
Waterdrop G3P800 Tankless RO
$600-$750 NSF 58, 372
View on retailer →
Waterdrop N1 Countertop RO
$249-$329 NSF 58, 372
View on retailer →

Disclosure: TapWaterSafety earns a commission from purchases made through these links. This does not influence our scoring methodology or filter selection.

Score breakdown

This utility's overall score of 55/100 breaks down across five weighted components. Read the full methodology →

Health Guideline Performance
14 / 40
Legal Compliance
20 / 20
High-Risk Contaminants
5 / 20
Compliance History
10 / 10
Source Water Vulnerability
6 / 10

Contaminants detected — international standards comparison

Every contaminant detected, compared side-by-side against US EPA legal limits, the EU Drinking Water Directive (2020/2184), WHO Guidelines, and California's Public Health Goal (the strictest US benchmark). Why we show multiple standards →

Sample test dates: Water samples were collected between 2022 and 2024. Test dates per contaminant are shown in the table below.

Contaminant Detected EWG
US health-based
EPA
US legal
EU DWD
Europe
WHO
global
CA PHG
strictest US
Tested
sample year
Status
PFOA
Organic
6.97 ppt 0.004 4 100 100 0.007 2022 EPA violation
PFOA
Organic
5.5 ppt 0.004 4 100 100 0.007 2024 EPA violation
PFOA
Organic
4.31 ppt 0.004 4 100 100 0.007 2023 EPA violation
Haloacetic Acids (HAA5)
Disinfection byproduct
22.2 ppb 0.1 60 60 2024 222× over
Haloacetic Acids (HAA5)
Disinfection byproduct
18.5 ppb 0.1 60 60 2023 185× over
Haloacetic Acids (HAA5)
Disinfection byproduct
16.4 ppb 0.1 60 60 2022 164× over
Total Trihalomethanes (TTHMs)
Disinfection byproduct
49.6 ppb 0.6 80 100 2022 83× over
Total Trihalomethanes (TTHMs)
Disinfection byproduct
41.2 ppb 0.6 80 100 2023 69× over
Total Trihalomethanes (TTHMs)
Disinfection byproduct
39.7 ppb 0.6 80 100 2024 66× over
Nitrate
Inorganic
2.6 mg/L 0.14 10 11.3 11.3 10 2024 19× over
Nitrate
Inorganic
2.59 mg/L 0.14 10 11.3 11.3 10 2022 18× over
Chromium-6 (Hexavalent)
Heavy metal
0.35 ppb 0.02 0.02 2024 18× over
Chromium-6 (Hexavalent)
Heavy metal
0.331 ppb 0.02 0.02 2022 17× over
Nitrate
Inorganic
2.29 mg/L 0.14 10 11.3 11.3 10 2023 16× over
Chromium-6 (Hexavalent)
Heavy metal
0.308 ppb 0.02 0.02 2023 15× over
Lead
Heavy metal
1.0 ppb 0 15 5 10 0.2 2024
Lead
Heavy metal
1.19 ppb 0 15 5 10 0.2 2023
Lead
Heavy metal
1.25 ppb 0 15 5 10 0.2 2022
Contaminant Detected (2024) EWG EPA EU DWD WHO CA PHG Status
Total Trihalomethanes (TTHMs)
Disinfection byproduct
39.7 ppb 0.6 80 100 66× over
Haloacetic Acids (HAA5)
Disinfection byproduct
22.2 ppb 0.1 60 60 222× over
Lead
Heavy metal
1.0 ppb 0 15 5 10 0.2
Chromium-6 (Hexavalent)
Heavy metal
0.35 ppb 0.02 0.02 18× over
PFOA
Organic
5.5 ppt 0.004 4 100 100 0.007 EPA violation
Nitrate
Inorganic
2.6 mg/L 0.14 10 11.3 11.3 10 19× over
Contaminant Detected (2023) EWG EPA EU DWD WHO CA PHG Status
Total Trihalomethanes (TTHMs)
Disinfection byproduct
41.2 ppb 0.6 80 100 69× over
Haloacetic Acids (HAA5)
Disinfection byproduct
18.5 ppb 0.1 60 60 185× over
Lead
Heavy metal
1.19 ppb 0 15 5 10 0.2
Chromium-6 (Hexavalent)
Heavy metal
0.308 ppb 0.02 0.02 15× over
PFOA
Organic
4.31 ppt 0.004 4 100 100 0.007 EPA violation
Nitrate
Inorganic
2.29 mg/L 0.14 10 11.3 11.3 10 16× over
Contaminant Detected (2022) EWG EPA EU DWD WHO CA PHG Status
Total Trihalomethanes (TTHMs)
Disinfection byproduct
49.6 ppb 0.6 80 100 83× over
Haloacetic Acids (HAA5)
Disinfection byproduct
16.4 ppb 0.1 60 60 164× over
Lead
Heavy metal
1.25 ppb 0 15 5 10 0.2
Chromium-6 (Hexavalent)
Heavy metal
0.331 ppb 0.02 0.02 17× over
PFOA
Organic
6.97 ppt 0.004 4 100 100 0.007 EPA violation
Nitrate
Inorganic
2.59 mg/L 0.14 10 11.3 11.3 10 18× over

All values in the unit of the detected level. Red cells indicate the detected level exceeds that standard. Some contaminants have limits in some jurisdictions but not others (shown as —). The "Tested" column shows the year each contaminant sample was collected.

Sources: US EPA, EU Drinking Water Directive 2020/2184, WHO Guidelines (4th ed.), California OEHHA PHGs, EWG Tap Water Database, and Houston Water Utilities's Consumer Confidence Report.

Houston Water Utilities service area

This water system serves 1 community in Harris County, Texas. Click any city for its dedicated tap water quality page.

About this water system

Public Water System ID
TX2527136
Owner type
Local government
Source water
Surface water (Lake Houston/Trinity River)
Disinfection method
Chloramine
Service connections
737,280
Service area
Houston, Harris County, Texas